Conditions & syndromes · England
Down’s syndrome
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This guide is for people in England.
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Down’s syndrome is a condition you are born with.
Every person is different.
Ask which health checks you need.
Tell a doctor about new pain or changes in your health.
Tell people how you like to communicate.
You may use words, pictures or signs.
Your choices matter.
People should ask what you want.
You may want help at home, college or work.
Your support should fit your needs.
The Down’s Syndrome Association has information and support.
Someone you trust can help you contact them.
What you can do next
Please help me plan the health checks and support I need.
Read Down’s Syndrome Association resources Web pageThis link opens another website.
It may use harder words.
Down’s syndrome
Health, communication and everyday support for people with Down’s syndrome.
Children and adults · England · General information
Understand the diagnosis
Down’s syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. It usually happens by chance before birth. People have different learning and support needs. A diagnosis cannot tell you everything about someone’s abilities, personality, ambitions or the kind of life they want.
Make a health plan
Ask the health team which checks are needed and how often. Hearing, eyesight and thyroid checks are particularly important. Keep records of appointments and changes in health. New pain, tiredness or changes in skills need assessment; do not simply put them down to Down’s syndrome.
Support communication and learning
Find out how the person understands information and expresses choices. Ask about speech and language therapy when needed. Allow time to respond and use the person’s preferred pictures, signs or other communication support. Keep useful communication information available for appointments, education and support workers.
Plan for the life you want
Support can include help at home, further learning, work, volunteering, friendships and activities. Start with the person’s own wishes. The Down’s Syndrome Association provides information about adult life, and its WorkFit programme supports employment. Support needs can change; review plans together rather than making lifelong assumptions.
Find the right help
Speak to the GP or existing specialist about health concerns and referrals. Ask who coordinates care when several teams are involved. Use the related guides for health appointments and communication support. The Down’s Syndrome Association has condition-specific resources for individuals, families and professionals.
Words you could use
“Please help me plan the health checks and support I need.”
Where the information comes from
Links checked 27 October 2026.
These links open other websites.
They may use harder words.
- NHS: Down’s syndrome Web page
An introduction to the condition and individual support needs.
- Down’s Syndrome Association: health and wellbeing Web page
Condition-specific health checks and resources.
- NHS: support for adults with Down’s syndrome Web page
Everyday support, housing, work and activities.